Voices From the Street: A Survey of Homeless Youth by Their Peers

Summarizes interviews of homeless or formerly homeless youth by their peers about how they became homeless, their lives on the street, interactions with police, education, aspirations, mental health, support networks, services, and policy suggestions

Sudden approximation applied to rotational excitation of molecules by atoms. ii- scat- tering of polar diatomics

Sudden approximation applied to computation of rotational transition probability and inelastic total cross sections for scattering of polar and nonpolar diatomic molecules by atom

Cosmic Optical Background: the View from Pioneer 10/11

We present the new constraints on the cosmic optical background (COB) obtained from an analysis of the Pioneer 10/11 Imaging Photopolarimeter (IPP) data. After careful examination of data quality, the usable measurements free from the zodiacal light are integrated into sky maps at the blue (~0.44 um) and red (~0.64 um) bands. Accurate starlight subtraction is achieved by referring to all-sky star catalogs and a Galactic stellar population synthesis model down to 32.0 mag. We find that the residual light is separated into two components: one component shows a clear correlation with thermal 100 um brightness, while another betrays a constant level in the lowest 100 um brightness region. Presence of the second component is significant after all the uncertainties and possible residual light in the Galaxy are taken into account, thus it most likely has the extragalactic origin (i.e., the COB). The derived COB brightness is (1.8 +/- 0.9) x 10^(-9) and (1.2 +/- 0.9) x 10^(-9) erg/s/cm2/sr/A at the blue and red band, respectively, or 7.9 +/- 4.0 and 7.7 +/- 5.8 nW/m2/sr. Based on a comparison with the integrated brightness of galaxies, we conclude that the bulk of the COB is comprised of normal galaxies which have already been resolved by the current deepest observations. There seems to be little room for contributions of other populations including "first stars" at these wavelengths. On the other hand, the first component of the IPP residual light represents the diffuse Galactic light (DGL) - scattered starlight by the interstellar dust. We derive the mean DGL-to-100 um brightness ratios of 2.1 x 10^(-3) and 4.6 x 10^(-3) at the two bands, which are roughly consistent with the previous observations toward denser dust regions. Extended red emission in the diffuse interstellar medium is also confirmed.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal; Typos correcte

Electroweak interactions in a relativistic Fermi gas

We present a relativistic model for computing the neutrino mean free path in neutron matter. Thereby, neutron matter is described as a non-interacting Fermi gas in beta-equilibrium. We present results for the neutrino mean free path for temperatures from 0 up to 50 MeV and a broad range of neutrino energies. We show that relativistic effects cause a considerable enhancement of neutrino-scattering cross-sections in neutron matter. The influence of the $Q^2$-dependence in the electroweak form factors and the inclusion of a weak magnetic term in the hadron current is discussed. The weak-magnetic term in the hadron current is at the origin of some selective spin dependence for the nucleons which are subject to neutrino interactions.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted to Phys. Rev. C, minor changes and updates of the figures are mad

Composition is not research

Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015Composers in academic institutions are increasingly required to describe their activities in terms of 'research ' - formulating 'research questions', 'research narratives', 'aims' and 'outcomes'. Research plans and funding applications require one to specify the nature of the original contribution that will be made by a piece of music, even before it is composed. These requirements lead to an emphasis on collaborative work, technology and superficial novelty of format. Yet the very idea that musical composition is a form of research is a category error: music is a domain of thought whose cognitive dimension lies in embodiment, revelation or presentation, but not in investigation and description. It is argued here that the idea of composition as research is not only objectively false but inimical to genuine musical originality